發(fa)布時間：2017-07-05
各位來賓：
下(xia)午(wu)好！很高(gao)興參(can)加(jia)第三屆保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障基金(jin)論壇(tan)。本次論壇(tan)的(de)主(zhu)題是(shi)“保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)業風(feng)險(xian)防(fang)控與保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障基金(jin)制度(du)改革”，我(wo)(wo)覺得這個主(zhu)題非常好。在當前保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)行(xing)業的(de)發展形(xing)勢下(xia)，加(jia)強行(xing)業風(feng)險(xian)防(fang)控方面(mian)(mian)的(de)研究十分必要，對(dui)于我(wo)(wo)們(men)行(xing)業的(de)穩健發展非常有好處。下(xia)面(mian)(mian)，我(wo)(wo)圍繞保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)業的(de)風(feng)險(xian)防(fang)控和保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障基金(jin)制度(du)的(de)改革，講三方面(mian)(mian)意見。
一、防范風險是保險行業持續健康發展的前提和基礎
前不久(jiu)，習(xi)近平總書(shu)記在中共中央政治局集(ji)體(ti)學習(xi)時強(qiang)調，金(jin)融(rong)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)是(shi)國家安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)組成(cheng)部(bu)分，是(shi)經(jing)濟(ji)平穩健康(kang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)基礎(chu)。維護(hu)金(jin)融(rong)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)，是(shi)關系我(wo)國經(jing)濟(ji)社會發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)全(quan)(quan)局的(de)(de)(de)一件帶有(you)(you)戰略性、根本性的(de)(de)(de)大事。作為(wei)金(jin)融(rong)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)三駕馬車之一，保(bao)險(xian)是(shi)現(xian)代經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)產業(ye)(ye)和風險(xian)管理的(de)(de)(de)基本手段，必須立足于(yu)服務(wu)國家治理體(ti)系和治理能(neng)力現(xian)代化。按照習(xi)近平總書(shu)記關于(yu)金(jin)融(rong)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)講話精(jing)神(shen)，保(bao)監(jian)會對加強(qiang)行(xing)業(ye)(ye)風險(xian)防控，支持實(shi)體(ti)經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)作了(le)全(quan)(quan)面部(bu)署，取得了(le)初步成(cheng)效。今(jin)年1至(zhi)5月份，保(bao)險(xian)業(ye)(ye)實(shi)現(xian)原(yuan)保(bao)費收入超(chao)過2萬億(yi)元(yuan)，同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)25.88%；其中財產險(xian)原(yuan)保(bao)費收入3956億(yi)元(yuan)，同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)11.65%；人身險(xian)原(yuan)保(bao)費收入16335億(yi)元(yuan)，同比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)長(chang)29.89%。值得注意的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)，壽險(xian)公(gong)司未計(ji)入保(bao)險(xian)合同核算(suan)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)戶投(tou)資款和獨立賬戶新(xin)增(zeng)交費3206億(yi)元(yuan)，同比(bi)(bi)下降了(le)60%。這一數字的(de)(de)(de)下降，恰(qia)恰(qia)體(ti)現(xian)出保(bao)險(xian)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)轉型發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)取得了(le)初步成(cheng)效。行(xing)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)業(ye)(ye)務(wu)結構更加合理了(le)，產品創新(xin)也(ye)更加回歸保(bao)險(xian)的(de)(de)(de)本源(yuan)，對于(yu)保(bao)險(xian)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)持續(xu)健康(kang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)是(shi)有(you)(you)益的(de)(de)(de)。
保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)業是經(jing)營管(guan)理(li)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特殊行(xing)業，必須(xu)加強對(dui)自身(shen)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)控，絕不能(neng)由“風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)者(zhe)”異化(hua)為“風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造者(zhe)”。只有先把自身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)理(li)好(hao)(hao)，才能(neng)更好(hao)(hao)地體(ti)現(xian)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)經(jing)濟社會發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)業價值和社會擔(dan)當。因(yin)此，不論(lun)是監(jian)(jian)管(guan)部(bu)門(men)還是市場(chang)(chang)主(zhu)體(ti)，都(dou)必須(xu)站在(zai)(zai)維護金(jin)融安全乃至國家安全的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)度，深刻(ke)認識風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)防(fang)控的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)性(xing)，在(zai)(zai)各個環節切實(shi)增強風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)防(fang)范(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)前瞻性(xing)、有效(xiao)(xiao)性(xing)、針(zhen)對(dui)性(xing)。特別是處于(yu)市場(chang)(chang)一線保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)公司，要(yao)(yao)切實(shi)做好(hao)(hao)行(xing)業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)防(fang)控工作，切實(shi)承擔(dan)起風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)防(fang)控的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)體(ti)責任和一線責任。同時，監(jian)(jian)管(guan)部(bu)門(men)也將通(tong)過改革(ge)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度、創(chuang)新監(jian)(jian)管(guan)方式，提(ti)高(gao)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)效(xiao)(xiao)率。保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)基金(jin)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度作為監(jian)(jian)管(guan)部(bu)門(men)以市場(chang)(chang)化(hua)手段處置化(hua)解行(xing)業風(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)工具，要(yao)(yao)發揮應(ying)有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用。這項制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度體(ti)現(xian)了黨(dang)和國家“執(zhi)政(zheng)為民”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)念，是維護保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)消費者(zhe)利益的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度安排，也是現(xian)代保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)業健康發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定器和助(zhu)推器，在(zai)(zai)完善保(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)市場(chang)(chang)退出機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過程中發揮著(zhu)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)作用。
總(zong)之(zhi)，保(bao)險(xian)(xian)業(ye)目前雖然(ran)有個別公(gong)司存在償付能力不足、流動(dong)性以及公(gong)司治理等方面(mian)的(de)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)，但(dan)行業(ye)發展(zhan)的(de)基本面(mian)是好的(de)，整體(ti)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)是可控的(de)，但(dan)必須(xu)要把風(feng)險(xian)(xian)防(fang)控工作做(zuo)好。
二、保險保障基金制度在保險業健康發展過程中發揮了積極作用
在(zai)市(shi)場經濟條(tiao)件下，優勝劣汰是最(zui)基(ji)本的(de)(de)(de)法則(ze)。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險公(gong)司作為(wei)市(shi)場經濟最(zui)直接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)參與者，也必須遵(zun)循(xun)這一法則(ze)。在(zai)國(guo)際上，為(wei)了(le)減小因保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險公(gong)司經營困境(jing)乃至(zhi)破產清償給保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)單持(chi)有人造成的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)單利(li)益損失，維護(hu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險乃至(zhi)金(jin)(jin)融市(shi)場的(de)(de)(de)穩定，很多發達國(guo)家和地區(qu)都相繼建(jian)立(li)了(le)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障基(ji)金(jin)(jin)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)，據(ju)不完全統(tong)計(ji)，OECD的(de)(de)(de)29個成員國(guo)中，有21個國(guo)家建(jian)立(li)了(le)這項(xiang)(xiang)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)，亞洲的(de)(de)(de)泰國(guo)、馬來西亞、菲(fei)律(lv)賓等國(guo)都建(jian)立(li)了(le)這項(xiang)(xiang)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)，我國(guo)也同(tong)國(guo)際保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障基(ji)金(jin)(jin)組(zu)織保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)持(chi)密切(qie)聯系(xi)和經驗交流。保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險事(shi)業發展的(de)(de)(de)過程中，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障基(ji)金(jin)(jin)制(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)將在(zai)完善(shan)市(shi)場化退出機制(zhi)(zhi)，維護(hu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險市(shi)場穩定方面發揮著越(yue)來越(yue)重要的(de)(de)(de)作用。
我國(guo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)制(zhi)度(du)始于上世紀(ji)末(mo)，是(shi)我國(guo)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)融行(xing)(xing)業(ye)率(lv)先建立(li)的(de)(de)市(shi)場(chang)化(hua)的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)自救機(ji)制(zhi)。經(jing)歷了(le)(le)二(er)十多(duo)年(nian)的(de)(de)發展，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)規模(mo)(mo)不斷(duan)(duan)擴大(da)，管理(li)體制(zhi)逐步完善(shan)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)功(gong)能(neng)日益增強。2008年(nian)9月，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)監會(hui)會(hui)同有關(guan)部委頒布了(le)(le)《保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)管理(li)辦法》，成(cheng)(cheng)立(li)了(le)(le)中(zhong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)，負責基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)籌集(ji)、管理(li)和(he)使用(yong)。多(duo)年(nian)以(yi)來，積(ji)累了(le)(le)較(jiao)為成(cheng)(cheng)熟的(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)管理(li)和(he)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)防控做法。截至今年(nian)6月末(mo)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)規模(mo)(mo)已(yi)經(jing)突破千億(yi)，達1043億(yi)元(yuan)，行(xing)(xing)業(ye)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)處置(zhi)(zhi)與保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)單救助的(de)(de)資金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)礎(chu)不斷(duan)(duan)夯實(shi)(shi)。更為重要的(de)(de)是(shi)，監管部門(men)已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)運用(yong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)制(zhi)度(du)，對(dui)兩家(jia)問題保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)實(shi)(shi)施了(le)(le)救助。包括：基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)實(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)化(hua)管理(li)后，通過(guo)(guo)參(can)與對(dui)新華人壽的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)處置(zhi)(zhi)，不僅(jin)使其(qi)實(shi)(shi)現了(le)(le)較(jiao)好的(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)治(zhi)理(li)，而且有效化(hua)解(jie)了(le)(le)可能(neng)引發的(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。而對(dui)中(zhong)華聯合的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)處置(zhi)(zhi)，通過(guo)(guo)股份托管、股權重組(zu)、增資擴股和(he)引入戰略投(tou)資者(zhe)等措(cuo)施，有效化(hua)解(jie)了(le)(le)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。2015年(nian)底至2016年(nian)初，中(zhong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)通過(guo)(guo)公(gong)(gong)開(kai)掛牌交易方式實(shi)(shi)現了(le)(le)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)平(ping)穩有序(xu)退出，順利完成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)處置(zhi)(zhi)任務(wu)(wu)，成(cheng)(cheng)為以(yi)市(shi)場(chang)化(hua)方式處置(zhi)(zhi)化(hua)解(jie)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)典型案例(li)。這項工作(zuo)得到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)黨中(zhong)央國(guo)務(wu)(wu)院和(he)有關(guan)部委的(de)(de)肯定。通過(guo)(guo)兩次(ci)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)處置(zhi)(zhi)實(shi)(shi)踐，行(xing)(xing)業(ye)已(yi)經(jing)形成(cheng)(cheng)了(le)(le)一套較(jiao)為成(cheng)(cheng)熟的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)處置(zhi)(zhi)經(jing)驗做法，國(guo)際(ji)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)組(zu)織對(dui)此給予了(le)(le)較(jiao)高評(ping)價。此外，圍(wei)繞《保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)(zhang)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)管理(li)辦法》賦予的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)監測職能(neng)，中(zhong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)做了(le)(le)大(da)量基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)礎(chu)性的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)監測工作(zuo)。例(li)如，自2013年(nian)起(qi)探索(suo)建立(li)了(le)(le)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)評(ping)估(gu)專家(jia)委員會(hui)制(zhi)度(du)，提出了(le)(le)很多(duo)富(fu)有參(can)考(kao)價值(zhi)觀點和(he)建議，起(qi)到(dao)(dao)了(le)(le)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管理(li)智庫(ku)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。又如《中(zhong)國(guo)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)評(ping)估(gu)報告》，以(yi)第三方的(de)(de)視角評(ping)估(gu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，不管是(shi)對(dui)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)企經(jing)營管理(li)，還是(shi)對(dui)監管部門(men)決策，都有較(jiao)高的(de)(de)參(can)考(kao)價值(zhi)。希望中(zhong)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)金(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)繼續履行(xing)(xing)好自身職責，為保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)業(ye)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)防控工作(zuo)貢獻力量。
三、我國保險保障基金制度的改革與完善
當前(qian)，保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)業面(mian)臨復雜(za)的(de)(de)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)形勢。保(bao)(bao)(bao)監會(hui)將按(an)照穩中求進(jin)工作總(zong)基調，堅持“保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)業姓保(bao)(bao)(bao)、保(bao)(bao)(bao)監會(hui)姓監”，強(qiang)監管(guan)、補(bu)短板、治亂象。特別(bie)要(yao)通(tong)過填補(bu)制(zhi)度(du)(du)空白(bai)、修訂現行規(gui)則(ze)，積極穩妥(tuo)地處置(zhi)(zhi)潛在的(de)(de)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)點，牢牢守住不(bu)發生系統性(xing)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)底線。保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)障(zhang)基金制(zhi)度(du)(du)作為監管(guan)部門的(de)(de)重要(yao)風(feng)險(xian)(xian)處置(zhi)(zhi)工具，也必須通(tong)過改革(ge)來迎(ying)接(jie)新任務，做(zuo)出新貢獻。我認為，制(zhi)度(du)(du)創(chuang)新總(zong)的(de)(de)思路是要(yao)將風(feng)險(xian)(xian)管(guan)理(li)(li)元素融入到基金籌集(ji)、管(guan)理(li)(li)和使用(yong)的(de)(de)各(ge)個(ge)環節。通(tong)過必要(yao)的(de)(de)創(chuang)新舉措，一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)提高保(bao)(bao)(bao)險(xian)(xian)公司(si)的(de)(de)違規(gui)成(cheng)本(ben)，促使其自(zi)發地實施風(feng)險(xian)(xian)管(guan)控；另一(yi)(yi)方(fang)(fang)面(mian)提高基金資產(chan)的(de)(de)使用(yong)效(xiao)率，使其更(geng)好(hao)地為行業風(feng)險(xian)(xian)管(guan)理(li)(li)服務。可從以下(xia)三方(fang)(fang)面(mian)作為突破口予(yu)以推進(jin)：
一是建立和完善事前預警和糾正、事后處置與救濟的一整套制度機制。加強保險行業的風險防控，應防患于未然，加快構建“事前糾正”的制度機制。通過建立行業風險監測和預警機制，盡早識別行業風險，排查風險隱患，及時遏制風險的擴散和升級，在防范化解風險中占據主動。在“事后處置”方面，我們已經有了較為成熟而有效的經驗做法，以往兩次風險處置實踐，我們均采取了管理救助的方式，即通過對問題公司實施股權托管，優化公司治理，使其恢復償付能力，免于破產退市。下一步應通過系統梳理和總結，以正式制度的形式確定下來。
二是探索流動性救助方式，建立多元化的風險處置手段和工具。保險保障基金規模目前已逾千億，也已有兩個成功的風險處置案例，但未來不排除會有新的風險處置任務。目前，保險保障基金有管理救助和財務救助兩種救助方式。考慮到現實中更可能的情形是保險公司由于某種原因出現暫時的流動性困難，無法滿足正常退保和保險理賠的現金要求。因此，可考慮將風險處置關口前移，嘗試采取流動性救助方式，以提供借款、購買保險公司債券等途徑，對出現流動性問題，但未來具有還本付息能力，且有合法的資金使用方案及計劃的保險公司進行債權方式的風險救助。下一步，可以通過修訂《保險保障基金管理辦法》將這一風險救助方式予以明確。
三是推動基金籌集方式由固定費率制向差別費率制轉變。目前，保險保障基金實行單一費率籌集模式，容易導致保險公司逆選擇，也存在風險管理能力強的保險公司對風險管理弱的保險公司進行補貼的現象。下一步，可通過實施“基礎費率+風險費率”模式的差別費率制度，將基金收繳與保險公司風險直接掛鉤，在化解保險公司道德風險的同時，鼓勵保險公司通過加強風險管控，降低基金繳納成本。此外，近年來，保險保障基金規模保持了較高的增速，但是產、壽險基金比例與相應的保費規模或者保障風險相比，是很不協調的。可通過調整優化產、壽險繳存比例，使基金構成與相應的保障風險相匹配，提高基金的風險救助能力。
作為經營風(feng)險(xian)的(de)特(te)殊行(xing)業(ye)，風(feng)險(xian)管理是(shi)保險(xian)行(xing)業(ye)的(de)立業(ye)之本和核心競爭(zheng)力。打鐵還需自身硬。讓我們攜起手(shou)來，打好改革創(chuang)新和風(feng)險(xian)防控(kong)兩大(da)攻堅戰，共同創(chuang)造保險(xian)行(xing)業(ye)更加(jia)美好的(de)明(ming)天。
最(zui)后，預(yu)祝(zhu)本次論壇圓(yuan)滿成功！謝謝大家。